Window construction



Feb. 18, 1930. I L.'M. CALDWELL 1,747,576

WINDOW, CONSTRUCTION Filed April 21, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 194, Fig.1 I

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Patented F eb. 18, 1930 UNITED STATES LESLIE M. CALDWELL, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Application filed April 21,

This invention relates to a novel window construction permitting the swinging inwardly of the slidable sashes for the purpose/principally of facilitating the washing of the outside thereof but also, in some instances, for the purposes of ventilation.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a window construction of the kind referred to permitting the use of window frames of standard construction, thereby avoiding extra expense being involved by reason of having to have the frames made special, and also permitting of completely weather-stripping the window according to present standard practice, while making provision for the shrinking and swelling of the sashes such that the same will always operate easily and quietly.

According to my invention each sash is provided with slides between the side rails thereof and the frame, the said sash being pivoted to the slides by its bottom rail so as to swing inwardly, and having means for quickly detachably securing the same to the sides by the top rail thereof, the last mentioned means being in the form of latches pivoted on the upper ends of the slides and swingable into and out of interlocking relation with the top rail of the sash. The latches serve an additional function, namely that of holding the slides against upward movement under the action of the sash weights when the sash is swung inwardly, means being provided on the pulley stiles for cooperation with the latches to prevent upward movement of the slides. The joints between the slides and the side rails of the sash are neatly weather-stripped, the weather-stripping serving to prevent outward movement of the sash when the same is swung upwardly into normal position, although, of course, the latches just referred to perform that function likewise when interlocked with the sash. The slides are of a special construction permitting the use of ribbed weatherstripping of a standard form which, besides serving its ostensible function, affords sufficient give to take care of shrinking and 192s. Serial No. 271,765.

conditions, to the end that the same will always operate easily and quietly.

The foregoing and other features of my invention will appear in the course of the following detailed description in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is an inside view of j a window embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectionshowing both sashes swung inwardly as, for example, when the same are to be washed;

Fig. 3 is a.horizontal sectiononan enlarged scale taken approximately on the line 33 of Fig. 1, looking downwardly, the top rail of the lower sash appearing in elevation and the bottom rail of the upper sash being shown in section;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3, an intermediate portion of the sash and frame being broken away; and

Fig. 5 is a view looking at the inner side of the upper end of one of the. slides. Y

The same reference numerals are applied to corresponding parts throughout the views. I

The window frame illustrated is of ordinary standard construction, consisting of pulley stiles 6 fitted with sash pulleys 7 .and 8 for the upper and lower sashes 9 and 10. respectively. The upper and lower ends, of the pulley stiles 6 are joined to the head j amb 11 and window sill 12, respectively, the latter having the usual stool 13 on the inside thereof. Inside and outside casings appear at 14 and 15, respectively. 16 is the blind stop for the outside of the upper sash 9, 17 is the parting strip between the upper and lower sashes 9 and 10, and 18 is the stop 9 for the inside of the lower sash 10.

According to my invention the upper and lower sashes 9 and 10 have slides 19 and 20 interposed between the side rails 9 and 10 thereof and the pulley stiles .6 of the frame. The upper sash 9, as will presently appear, is pivoted by its bottom rail 9 to the slide 19 and the, lower sash 10 is likewise pivoted to the slide 20 by its bottom rail 10*, and means are provided for locking the sashes to the J 1o the usual way.- Inasmuchas-the details of. construction of the upper and lower sashes slides by their top rails 9 and 10 permitting q 8, respectively, .and coop'erate, as will pres ently appear, with the slides 19 and 20, re-

spectively. Sash weights are provided, of course, on the ends oithe cords 23 and=24 1n g and their cooperating guides are substantial-v ly identical, a description'confinedto the lower. sash willlsuflice for both. In passing,

, it will be understood that the bottom rail 9 of the'upper sash 9 and the top rail of the i lower sash 1O constitute the meeting rails, as

are generally called. The inclined contactingi'edges25 of rails provide a weather tight joint in theusual way when the win- I I 'dow is clo'sed. weatherstrip 26 on the i tcip' jainb'llis arranged to cooperate with the groove '27 on the top rail of the upper sash and-similarly aweather-strip 28 en the sin 121s; arrangedto cooperate with a groove 29 in the biittoin-railofth lowersash to rnake the window substantially weather-tight when o e v p V v V Rierringnow more particularly to Figs,

3 5 it will be seen that the low'erzsash 10' has thh fraine thereof constructed-substantially entirely of wood, with the side rails 10 re 'duced in. cross-section substantially to the exanger the ross-se'ction ofgthe slides arranged to cooperate therewith, this being with a view to keeping the over-all width of the sides ofeach sash about the same as the widthof treads was en any or inar sash and thereby retain the saine neat appearance.

Inasmuch as both slides and parts cooperat- 3 ingtherewith are substantially of identical construction, a description of one will sufiice ior'both. gE ach side rail has the edge there] of covered asubstantially channel-shaped 1netallic' weatl1erstrip 30 conformed along outer edge thereof to provide a recess 31 ektendinglongitudinally thereof to receive .the intur'ned flange 32 of a weather-strip 33 suitably inou nted on the edge oftheslide 20 on theouter sideof the latter. The weath er-strip30, whensecured in place on the side rail in any suitable manner, providessubstan- V tial reenforcement for the sash. The lower end of the strip 30, as shown in Fig. 4, covers a metallic right-angle strap 34 fastened as byfmeans of screws 35,to the edge oftthe side ."rail,the inturned end 36 of said strap being of theses. The bottom rail and the lower arranged to be fastened, as by means of screws or nails 37, to the side and bottomfrails endof the side rail are-suitably recessed to receive the end 36 ofthe strap. The strap afiords considerable reinforcement, for the lower corner of the sash which, of course,

The latch for the upper -sash 9' Fig; 5)

'- mam bears the brunt of the load in the swinging V j movement oi' the sash as, it is thought, will readily appear. 7 through holes 38 in a pintle 39 which has one end thereof passed through holes in the strip 3.0and strap 34 at 40 and projecting substantially from the sash. so as to serve'as one of two trunn ons whereon the sash'isarranged I The screws or nails 37 1 tobe pivotally supported. The bearing 41 receiving the pintle39 is provided in the form of a hole in the plate42 riveted, or otherwise suitably securedas at 43, with another plate 44 to the web of the channel iron 45 formmg the-body portion of the slide 20. The

plate 42, as will be, found on observation of sash 9 in Fig.3, cooperates with the plate- 44 to receive the rabbeted edge of a wooden strip 46' which fills' substantially one-half of the trough in the channel strip 45 andeX-' tends from end to end therein. Thes'tr'ip46', besides-being held by thefplate 42, is securedto the 'channel45 suitably. by screws or nails, not shown. The strip has" a groove 47 1 cut longitudinally in the inner side thereof to re;

ceive1the rib of a ribbed weather-strip '48 inountedon the pulley stile 6. I Thelatter is of a standard construction and is arranged to aflordsuflicient givefto take care hi the shrinking and swelling of the meander varying weather conditions. 'In other words,

the slides 19 andso ior'both sashes will never tend to bind in their waysfbut 'will always permit easy. and quiet raising and lowering of the sashes. Before proceeding with a de scription of the novel means which I have provided for quickly detachablyinterlockving' the slides either, with the sashes or 'with V the window frame, attention may be called to the short narrow channel'strip 49 fastened,

as by means of; rivets 50, t0 the webof the channel45 at the upper end of the latter (see. 7

The sash cord 24 extends through the trough of the channel 49 and hasth knee h ted end 24 lodgedinithe eye formed by the.

bent-in lower ends'of the flanges- 49, ap-

pears at "51. S uliici'ent spacefis leftfat 52 between the bent-in edges to permittheinser tion of the sash cord and the reinova'l there of. 'It will bev observed that the upper end of the strip 46 is cut awayat one side of the groove 47,"as appears at 53, to-acconimodate the edge of the channel 49. The channel 49 is arranged to provide one side of the groove 47, as bestappears from observationof sash 10 in Fig. 3.

in this description, constitute the means for selectively interlocking the slides 19 and 20 with the sashes 9, and 10, respectively, or with T 5 the window frame. Referring principally to the latch 22 appearing in Figs. 3-5, it will be v I *120; The latches 21 and 22, referred to earlier observed that the same is pivotally mounted v on oneflange of the channel49on the outside thereof, as by means of a rivet '54, and that the w'b'ofthe channel45 has a slot 55 out therein to permit swinging the latch to a horizontal position at right angles to the slide into a recess 56, in the form of a saw slot cut into the top of the lower sash 10, that is, in the upper end of the side rail 10 and into the top rail 10. The latch 22 is shown in the horizontal position in dotted lines in Fig. 4 and in such position it will be evident that the slide is interlocked with the sash so that the latter is rigidly and securely held against swinging movement. There is no danger of the window rattling. The latch 22 has the free end thereof enlarged to form a tab 57, the edge of which may, if desired, be bent at right angles to the plane of the latch (see Fig. 3) so as to facilitate'withdrawing the latch from'the recess 56 when unlocking the sash for swinging movement. The inner end of the latch 22 is enlarged to form a tooth 58, one edge of which is cut at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the latch, as appears at 59. .The tooth 58 is arranged to be received in a vertical slot cut in a keeper plate 61 fastened, as by means of screws 62, to the pulley stile 6. The latter is recessed, as appears at 63, to accommodate thetooth 58. It will be evident that when the latch 22 is swung to the full line vertical position shown in Fig. 4 to unlock the sash 10 for swinging movement, the tooth 58 thereof is arranged to enter the slot 60 so as to hold the slide 20 against upward movement under the action of the sash weight. The acute angle of'the edge 59 of the tooth 58 causes the latch 22 to make wedg'ing engagement with the keeper plate and serves to hold the slide securely in place in its way. The latches 21 for the slides 19 of the upper sash 9 are arranged, as appears in Fig. 2, to interlock with keeper plates 61.

The operation of the window of my invention is thought to be clear from the foregoing description. However, it may be well to state that the keeper plates 61 and 61 are located, as shown in Fig. 2, so that the lower sash 10 has its slides 20 arranged to be locked to the window frame in such a position that the sash, in swinging inwardly, clears the stool 13, the upper sash 9, in turn, having its slides 19 arranged to be locked to the window frame at a slightly higher elevation so that the sash 9 swings inwardly over sash 10. Any suitable means may be provided, if desired, for supporting the sashes in their horizontal or substantially horizontal positions to facilitate the matter of washing, and, if desired,suitable means may be provided whereby the sashes may be supported in intermediate positions as, for example, for the purposes of ventilation.

It is believed the foregoing description conveys a clear understanding of my invention and that it will be appreciated that I have provided a comparatively simple and,

economical construction and that the same is moreover thoroughly practical for general application. While reference has been made in the description to various specific details of construction it should be understood that the same are capable of a certain amount of modification without departing seriously from theinvention. For that reason the'appended claims should be construed soas to cover-all legitimate modifications and adaptations which may occur to those skilled in the art to whichthe invention relates. I claim: 1. In a window construction of the character described, comprising a window frame providing ways therein, slides operable up and down in said ways, and window sashes each having a pair of trunnionsat the lower end thereof received in hearings in the lower ends of a pair of j slides, a latch pivotally mounted on the upper end of one" of the slides for swinging movement in the plane of the sash in the normal position of the latter, said sash having a recess in the top thereof to receive aportion of the free end of said latch when the latter is swung into a horizontal position whereby to interlock the sash with the slide to prevent swinging movement.

thereof, said latch having a projection thereon at the pivoted end thereof and a keeper plate mounted on said frame provided with an opening adapted to receive said projection when the latter is swung into a vertical position whereby to hold the slide against upward movement relative to the frame while permitting swinging movement of the sash.

2. In a window construction as set forth in claim 1 wherein each slide has a sash cor-d arranged to be connected therewith, 'a'channel strip mounted on the upper end of each slide with the trough thereof open to the back of the slide, one of the flanges of said channel strip providing pivotal mounting for the latch associated with the slide,.andthe free end of the sash cord being received in the troughof the channel strip with the knot strip providing pivotal mounting for the latch 2 associated with the slide, the lower ends 'of the flanges of saidchannel strip being bent inwardly toward each other tofform an open-' sided eye, and the free end of the sash cord being received in the trough of said channel with the knot thereof engaging the eye whereby to join the sash cord to the slide in a quickly detachable connection W 4. A window construction as set forthin claim 1 wherein the edge of the projection. on said latch arranged to cooperate with the whichiis disposed in a slideway between thekeeper on "the frame is inclined atgan acute 1 an 1e=with respect: to the rest 'of thelatchand away from theifreeendthereof substantially "as shown whereby, to lhave'wedg-ing enga enient-i.with the keeper for, the purpose escribed; 1

v e 5. i[n a window constructionoftheeharac-' teridescri'b.ed,=the combination of a window frame providing: ways therein, 1 slides operatifng up 7 and down .in said ways, window sashes pivotally mountedijon saidslides 'to' swinginwar-dly relative to the'frame, as for icleanlngg or ventilating-purposes, interlocking weather-strips .o'nthe outer edgesofsaid yielding means for; accommodatingshrinking and swelling of the sashes under varylng weather conditions whereby to. .permit easy sliding I wi ndowvsash havingtrunnions at, the lower frame and slides operablein ways therein, a

v V nd swinging-,Inovementof the sashes atalltime's.

v26, 111 a window constructioncomprising a.

f f end thereof for pivotal mounting on the slides,

each of said trunnions comprising a pintle receivedin a recess in thebottom of the sash.

and havinglthe end thereof projecting from thefsash' sufliciently to. serve as a trunnion, and

an fangular. strap secured to -and reenforcing the, bottom corner of thesash, said strap hav sing the" pintle confined thereby I and passing Z through affhole provided therein, and one, or

more Iof the fasteners for securing the strap to athejsash being. arranged to through holesiprovided in-the pintle' wherebygtjo secure the samein place on the sash. li

' 7 {In a window'construction comprising a frame providing slideways asash arrange-d forsliding and swing ng movement 1n sa1d frame, .a pair ofslidesffor saidsash each of frame and the side. railrof thefs'ash, each of saidfs'lides comprising ','a channel strip disp'osedwith the trough opening toward. the

frain' a trunnion provided on; the bottom of e the sash received in a'bearing in the web of,

the channel strip, ajsh ort narrow channel strip:atcthe-upperendof said slide channel"v I disposed inthe trough'ofthe channel-with the last mentioned channel beingar'ranged to i receive the free end iofa sashicord with the the'fwe'bs 'ofothemchannels secured together,

- knot thereof lodged at the lower end'of the channel against the ends-of the'flangesthere of ,zwhereby, :to' provide a quickly detachable ter connection between, the; cord and. the slide,

and a latch pivotallymounted'zonone of the flanges of the last mentioned channel-at the,

upper end thereof and swingable inthe plane of the sashin the normal position of the-lat:

8L A; window construction asset ,forth in claim 7 including a wooden; strip "fitting in the trough of the slide channel andhavinga longitudinally V extending groove therein opening at the back-of the slide, and aribbed .7 v is. 70' sa1d sashh'avlng a recess mthe toplthereof' e to receive the latch.

weather-strip in the slidewayeon the window frame having the'rib thereof'receivedin said r so groove. I 9. In awindow construction (as: set forthin claim 7 V wherein the. latch has the pivotedend thereof enlarged to form-a tooth arrangedto serve as a eateh,' a' keeper plateq-lnjountedin the slideway on the 1 window fram eandjhaw ing an opening arranged to receivesaidtooth whereby to hold the slide against upward movement relative to the frame.--

'IOIII'n a window construction of the char; eacter described, the combination of a wing dow frame ,PI'OVIClIIIg ways thereln, slides operatingup and down in said ways, window sashes pivotally mounted} on said slides to swing inwardly relative to the frame, as vfor cleaning or. vent lating pnrposes, means for holding the sashes against swinging miovei I118I1l? relative to the slides arranged when re-- leased to permit inward swinging movement thereof, and compressible weather-strips in I the'ways serving to make the joints between the slides'and the frame weather-tight, said strips being also arranged to; serve as acyielding meansfor accommodating shrinking and swelling of the sashes under varying weather i conditions whereby topermit easy sliding and swinging movement of the sashes at all times;

J I 11, Ina windowlconstruction of theeharj ,1 acter described, the combination'of a windowfl frame providing ways therein, slides operat a ing up and down in said'ways, window sashes pivotally mounted on said slides to swing inwardly relative' to the frame, as for cleaning or ventilating purposes, interlock-- ing weather strips on the outenedges'of, said" slides and the sideirails of thesashes making the joints between the sashes 1111011 Slides weather-tight and serving'also to prevent V 120 outward swinging movement of'the sashes relative'to the slides, means fordetach'ably' interlocking thefs'a'shesf with the slides to prevent inwardswinging movement-10f." the I sashes, and weather-strips in the, ways of said window frame providing sliding weather-tight joints between the. slidesand the frame, the slides being movable laterally relative to the strips 'in the shrinking and swelling of the sashes under varying weather conditions whereby easy sliding and swing ing movement of the sashes is insured at all times.

12. In a window construction of the character described, the combination of a window frame providing ways therein, slides operating up and down in said ways, window sashes pivotally mounted on said slides to swing inwardly relative to the frame, as for cleaning or ventilating purposes, means for holding the sashes against swinging movement relative to the slides arranged when re leased to permit inward swinging movement thereof, and weather-strips in the ways of said window frame providing'sliding weather-tight joints between the slides and the frame, the slides being movable laterally relative to the strips in the shrinking and swelling of the sashes under varying weather conditions whereby easy sliding and swinging movement of the sashes is insured at all times.

13. In a window construction comprising a frame and slides operable in ways therein,a Window sash having trunnions at the lower end thereof for pivotal mounting on the slides, each of said trunnions comprising a pintle mounted in the lower end-of the sash and projecting therefrom for bearing in the slide adjacent the sash, and a strap secured to and reinforcing the bottom corner of the sash having one end thereof bent at right angles and fitting on the side of the sash, said strap having the aforesaid pintle passing through a hole provided in the latter portion thereof to provide good support therefor.

14. In a window construction comprising a frame providing slideways, a sash arranged for sliding and swingingmovement in said frame, a pair of slides for said sash each of which is disposed in a slideway between the frame and the side rail of the sash, each of said slides comprisin a channel strip disposed with the trough opening toward the frame, a trunnion provided on the bottom of the sash received in abearing in the web of the channel strip, and a short narrow channel strip at the upper end of said slide channel disposed in the trough ofthe channel with the webs of the channels secured together, the last mentioned channel being arranged to receive the free end of a sash cord with the knot thereof lodged at the lower end of the channel against the ends of the flanges thereof where by to provide a quickly detachable connection between the cord and the slide.

In witness of the foregoing I aflix my sig nature.

LESLIE M. CALDWELL. 

